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dyy subscription ^3u)op€rYEAR. Publish eld Monthly. October 
1891- Entered at the. New York Post Office, as slcond 
class matter, 



SHORT-HAND MADE EASY. 



Rapid Writing Simplified. The Reporting Style of the 

American Pitman System Clearly Taught. A 

Series of Lessons prepared specially 

for Self-Instruction and 

Home Study. 



BYELDON MORAN, 

President Central College of Short-hand. Author of the 

"Beporting Style," the Sign Book, ti.e Short-hand 

Primer. Correspondence Manual, etc. 



COPYRIGHT, 1892, BY W. N. SWETT & CO. 



To give this book an increased, practical value to the stu- 
dent, the Publishers have engaged the Author to 
give two individual lessons by mail to 
each purchaser. Lesson cou- 
pons are printed on 
page 63. 



NEW YORK: 

W. N. SWETT & CO., Publishers, 

28 Reade Street. 

I89I. 



:"/«rx 



THE PITMAN SYSTEM. 



Persons not informed think there are scores of systems 
of short-hand in common use — about as many different 
systems as reporters, some suppose. This is a great mis- 
take. In Germany there are but two in common use ; only 
about three in France, and in America not more than half 
a dozen worthy of notice. There are, of course, more 
than six authors — perhaps two dozen. They are teachers, 
not inventors. A great majority or them advocate the Pit • 
man system. We hear of the systems of Longley, Munson, 
Burnz, Scott-Browne, Graham and others. They are all 
Pitman, however, and the distinction in name is made for 
convenience mainly, These writers differ in detail, and 
that is about all. It would not be seriously claimed that 
they are the originators of the system they present. 

To be broadly capable, readily acquired and easily re- 
membered, a short-hand system must be scientific— not 
merely expeditious. A collection of arbitrary expedients, 
if sufficiently large, may serve for reproducing ordinary 
discourse; but the inventiveness of the reporter, or the 
old cumbersome long-hand, must be resorted to when 
newly coined words, unusual proper names, technical 
terms or provincialisms are encountered. A system, to 
be scientific, must have a basis of principal; be so re- 
lated to known sciences as to be quickly apprehended ; so 
facile as to be equal to any emergency of speed, dialect, 
borrowed words or foreign names or accent. The Pitman 
phonography meets these requirements. No matter what 
changes the language may undergo, it will be impossible 
for it to extend beyond the capabilities of this far-reach- 
ing system. It is adapted, first of all, to the human voice 
in general and, incidentally, to the English language in 
particular. 



1 



^ ' 



PUBLISHERS' PREFACE. 



To-day thousands of young men and women are pursu- 
ing the study of Short-hand. Hundreds of thousands 
would do so if they had the opportunity. 

This book offers a most excellent opportunity to the 
large and increasing number of deserving young people 
who wish to learn the art of swift writing. 

This book is exactly suited to self-instruction. 

It was prepared by one of the swiftest Stenographers 
and moat expert teachers in America. Professor Moran, 
the author, was Court Reporter for eight years, serving a 
portion of this time in Judge Gresham's Court, and re- 
porting cases for Vice-President Hendricks, General Ben, 
Harrison, Senator Voorhees and other prominent lawyers. 

He taught Short -hand with great success for seven 
years at the University of Iowa, and has perhaps given 
instructions in Short-hand to more persons than any 
other living teacher. The books of which he is the author 
are used in hundreds of colleges and hitrh schools. 

This little work has been prepared with great care, and 
we confidently believe that any intelligent student can 
obtain a thorough knowledge of all the essential prin- 
ciples of the Pitman System by an honest study of its 
pages. 

Every beginner is earnestly recommended to avail him- 
self of the lessons by mail to which the coupons at the 
back of the book entitle him. A certain amount of in- 
dividual instruction just at the outset is of very great 
importance to the student just starting. If you will only 
begin right, you will avoid mistakes that might otherwise 
prove serious. 

The author also agrees to send to each learner Cards of 
Introduction to other students of Short- hand, with whom 
he may carry on a correspondence, making use of char- 
acters to some extent. Letter-writing in Short-hand is a 
great benefit to the person who studies at home, and it is 
as helpful as it is interesting. 

The foolish notion once prevailed, that only a genius 
could learn Short-hand. The old text-books published 
twenty years ago were difficult to learn from. A book 
that is easy and simple, like this one, which is an outcome 
from the many years experience of a practical teacher, 
will enable the intelligent, earnest student to accomplish 
wonders. To every ambitious young man and young 
woman we say, Take this book and study it faithfully an 
hour more or less every day, and you will find stenography 
as easy to understand as it is useful in business and 
beautiful in theory. 

Now York City, January , 1892 . 



OUTLOOK. 

The value of stenographic writing as an accomplish- 
ment, and as a part of a practical business education, is 
so obvious, and the proofs of its utility so various and 
satisfactory, that the demand for a knowledge of the art 
is spreading with an increased rapidity. The pursuit of 
stenography as a distinct calling has grown beyond all 
expectation. Already, in each of the older states and 
principal cities, the number of those engaged in the short- 
hand writing business reaches into thousands. The work 
is pleasant, instructive, and profitable. Will it remain 
so? We will notice a fact which, in many minds, is the 
occasion for anxiety as to the future — the increasing 
number of students. But it should be borne in mind that 
a large, perhaps the larger, part of learners wish ste- 
nography as an accomplishment. Besides, thousands of 
young men every year resign their positions as stenog- 
raphers to enter some profession or commercial enter- 
prise. Fully as many young women, also, reluctantly 
though it may be, annually give up short-hand for the 
more tranquil life in a home of their own. Other natural 
causes also keep thinning the ranks. On the other hand, 
and for various reasons not necessary to enumerate, the 
demand for a greater number of stenographers continually 
increases. We know of nothing likely to check this de- 
mand, while certain events, likely to come to pass, as, for 
example, the perfection of long-line telephones, would 
almost double the amount of stenographic work to be 
done. When the knowledge of short-hand shall have be- 
come universal, the stenographic profession will still ex- 
ist; just as book-keepers would still be needed, although 
every one understood arithmetic and the science of ac- 
counts. So important has short-hand become, that the 
time approaches when a knowledge of it will be con- 
sidered an indispensable part of a business education. 



INTRODUCTION 



Tne ^im of this work is to present the Pitman system in 
the concrete — not merelp En the ■bstxae&j fat beach the 
hoic of short-hand, rather than the ichy nf it. 

The method of instruction employed Is practical and 
pi ngveaaire. The principles are taken up and explained 
In an orderly manner, and the student directed how to 
apply them correctly in the work of forming - the characters 
rapidly and artistically. Two or three new principles only 
are introduced in a single lesson, and a list of w: rds im- 
serted which are to he written in accordance therewith. 
The words chosen for this purpose are those in common 
■Be. The drill which enables the learner to write and 
read them with the required speed, fixes the characters 
firmly in his memory. 2so word or phrase is introduced 
until the learner has been fully directed how to write it in 
the proper manner. The student who, taking the lessons 
In torn, masters each, will, upon completing the course • 
be a competent writes :: ?:ort-hand. 

In Lesson 1, will be found a key and explanation of the 
short-hand characters given in the accompanying plate- 
Compare your work frequently with the engraved charac- 
ters. Write a small hand; place your words closely 
together, speaking them aloud as you write them_ 
:.:nally read over what you have written. Three 
important rules are : 1, practice; 2, practice; 3, pr^ 
All beginners write too large. You probably do. Tour 
characters should be but little, if any, longer than those 
shown in the lesson. Some practice with a pencil := nse • 
t ul, but a pen should be used mostly. 



WHAT TO DO. 

1. Always write on ruled paper, and hold your pen in 
a nearly upright position. 

2. Send a copy of plate 1 to the author, at St. Louis, for 
correction. 

3. Use good black ink, and whatever pen you find most 
satisfactory. 

i. Read over at least once everything you write. 

5. Practice every day without fail, if only for a lew 
minutes. 

6. Practice on no matter not found in your lessons. 

7. Write a good deal from dictation; that is, exercises as 
they are read aloud to you. If possible, get a fellow- 
student; dictate by turns and criticise each other's work. 

8. Occasionally read over an exercise written a week 
previously. 

9. Each exercise should be written slowly at first, grad- 
ually increasing the speed afterwards. 

10. Learn each word well, for it is always expressed by 
the same character in actual reporting. 

11. Form the habit of phrasing, or joining words to- 
gether. 

12. Write small; remember the standard, one-sixth of 
an inch. 

13. Hold your note book firmly by placing your left 
thumb and finger two inches above the base line. 

14. Always carry some short-hand matter with you to 
study spare moments. 

15. Whenever proper in writing, employ the characters 
you have learned. 

16. Corresponding with other short-hand students is 
earnestly recommended. 

17. When this course of lessons has been learned, the 
student's practice need not be limited to the exercises 
here given, but easy newspaper articles, the prose part of 
school readers, printed collections of business letters, and 
published reports of law and convention proceedings may 
be profitably used for this purpose. Great care should be 
taken to write each article properly the first time, and to 
re-write it afterwards not less than half a dozen times 
with gradually increased speed. Those students who 
study short-hand with the view of making it profitable in 
business, would do well to provide themselves with a copy 
of the "Reporting Style," a book for professional stenog- 
raphers. The price of this book is $1.50. Sample pages 
are sent free. Address, Central College of Correspondence, 
St. Louis, Mo. 



ADVICE TO THE STUDENT. 

Br THE AUTHOR. 



Would you like to be able to write sbort-band? Cer- 
tainly. Short-hand will pay you; besides, if you do not 
learn it, you will, by-and-by, be considered behind the 
times. A knowledge of this art cannot be picked up in 
the street. It will take a little work, but of course you 
have patience and grit. You would like the assistance of 
a kind and skillful teacher? But if you have none, per- 
haps you will allow me to be your instructor? I will not 
forget that you are just beginning, and that you need 
every point made as clear and plain ay possible. Yes, 
certainly, I can teach you, and I have no doubt you will 
work faithfully, and have this wonderful art of swift 
writing well learned in just a few months. I feel quite 
sure I can help you over all the hard places, for I have 
taught many, yes, very many, young persons of your age. 
And, to be honest, I must say, too, that there are some 
persons of your age, and some still older, that I do not 
like to teach — I would really rather not. Why? Because 
they do not treat their teacher just right. They agree to 
work at short- hand every day, a little, any way. Then 
after a while, without any good excuse, they skip a day, 
and that causes trouble. By-and-by they skip another 
day; then next they miss two dajs. Instead of copying 
each lesson ten times, or more, they write it nine times, 
then eight, then seven, and at last only once. Of course 
they do poorly and get discouraged. They fail to become 
rapid short-hand writers, and the teacher gets the blame. 

Now it would be an unnecessary expense for you to 
come where I am and have me teach you from a black- 
board. Still I will be your teacher, and you will be my 
pupil, if you will only follow the directions which I give 
here. But I am not willing to teach you, unless you firmly 
resolve now, before proceeding further, that you will do 
your part as an earnest student. If you are not willing 
to do this, then I say, drop short-hand right now, and 
never touch it again. 



8 

Short-hand is a grand accomplishment, and you ought 
not merely to play with it. I trust you are seriously in 
earnest. If you are, I will take pleasure in proving my 
interest in your welfare by writing you a personal letter 
in short-hand characters as soon as you have finished the 
sixth lesson. You will then well deserve a word of en- 
couragement from me. You should write me first, giving 
information as to your age, occupation, how much time 
you study each day, who, if any one, you have for a class- 
mate, etc. Address me at St. Louis. You may, if you 
wish, send a copy of plate 1 for me to examine. Also, 
would you like to have me send you a card introducing 
you to two or three other persons of your own age, with 
whom you may correspond in characters? This will be 
pleasant, and those who are learning can help each other 
a great deal in this way. 

It may be your intention to learn, not now, but at some 
"more favorable time" in the future. To you who are 
disposed to procrastinate, that " more favorable time " 
will never arrive! You may as well write it down, now 
or never! 

The younger you begin, the more certain you will be of 
succeeding. If you are under middle age, have good 
sight and hearing, the use of your hands, some little 
education, and a spark of ambition, then you can afford to 
devote the time necessary to acquire this art. Once more, 
however, I say before beginning these lessons, make up 
your mind that you are going to master them, or let them 
alone entirely. 

St. Louis, Mo., Feb. 1892. 



WRITING BY SOUND. 



No attention Is paid to spelling; words are written the 
easiest way possible. Silent letters are omitted, as e in 
yoke. To illustrate*, read this sentence to some friend: 
That larg felo looJct hi and lo for the lime Ml on the naro ej ov 
the Ml. He would get your meaning just the same, no 
matter how the words were spelled. 

At first, copy the characters slowly and carefully; con- 
tinue doing so until you can write them correctly. The 
young like to practice, but the grown persons execute 
better. The young like writing; the old like study. Short 
hand requires little study but much practice; hence the 
young succeed the best. Short-hand is something to be 
done, not merely thought about. It requires the hand more 
than the head. The small dots in plate i indicate the base 
line simply. 

CORRESPONDENCE. 



Letter writing in short hand is no more interesting than 
it is helpful to the learner. You will naturally write more 
carefully when you expect that your letter will be read 
by some one at a distance; and this practice will in time 
give you a habit of accuracy. The perusal of the letters 
you receive will prove a most valuable drill in reading. 
You will be compelled to rely entirely upon the short- 
hand notes ; whereas, in reading what you have previously 
written yourself, you are aided in a measure by memory 
It is a mistake to suppose that you must complete your 
course before undertaking such a correspondence, The 
better plan is to begin early, writing a mixed hand, that 
is, all the words stenographically that you are able, and 
the balance in long hand Two points are to be guarded: 
1st Do not put words that you have not learned into 
short hand. 2d. Do not fail to employ characters for all 
words that you have learned. The author, Prof Moran, 
will, within proper limits, furnish letters of introduction 
to all who make application, 



LESSON I. 



KEY TO PLATE 1. 

Line 12 By die Guy eyed bide gibe guide abide. 

13 Beau dough ode bode Job goad obeyed doge. 

14 Bay aid Abe jay gay jade guage babe. 

15 Day age Joe go obey ago abode Dido. 

First— Copy Plate 1 ten times. Use a fine pointed pen, 
black ink, and a good quality of ruled paper. Observe 
carefully the following points : Make the characters, or let- 
ters, all the same length, — rather short, not too long. 
Place them quite closely together, and do not get them 
crooked. Each stroke should rest precisely on the iine. In 
L 7 (line 7) joined b extends below the line. The rule is 
that the first downward letter should rest on the line. B, d, 
and j are always struck downwards, and g to the right. 
Just as you write each letter speak its name aloud. Thus, 
while you are writing L 1, say b, b, b, and L 2, d, d, d, etc. 
The letter in L 4 is called gay instead of g. The letter I 
should be made sharp-pointed, and the two short lines 
composing it light, not heavy. (SeeL. 9). /is always so writ- 
ten as to point straight down. The letter o should be very 
short — only one-fourth the length of d. is struck at a 
right angle with the letter beside which it is placed. For 
example, o in L 13 slants to the right in beau, to the left in 
Job, is horizontal in dough, and vertical in go (L 15). It is 
so written as to point directly away from the letter, or stem, 
near which it occurs. B, d,j, g, are consonants, and I, o, 
and a, vowels. The letters, or marks, which express con- 
sonants, are called stems; while the dots, dashes, and small 
angles are called vowel signs. 

COPYRIGHTED, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, ~~~ 



Plate I, 



11 



■ b\ \\\\W \\\\ 

-,11111111111 
• J/ ///////// ' / 

4 G - — 

sbj \/ \/ \/ \/ \/ 

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■ Da-™ |_~l |_~1 t_~] LH LI 

V V V V V v V V V V 

9 I , ...___ 

10 O I I l I I I I I I I 

11 A . 

12 s; \ v ~._ 1 X / v n ^ 

- v i- -i y << -n ^ ;- 



15 



COPYRIGHTED, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, 



12 

LESSON II. 



KEY TO PLATE 2. 

L 11 Tie dike Ike pipe pied tide chide typo. 

12 Ope Coe oat poach code dope toto Tokay. 

13 Pay ape ache Kate paid Jake Cato abate. 

TRANSLATE LINES 14 AND 15. 

First— Copy Plate 2 ten times. It is very important to 
make the light letters as thin and light as possible. The 
shaded strokes b, d, j, etc., should not be very heavy, 
enough so only for distinction. In writing any word, as 
Jacket, (j-k-t, L 8) do not lift the pen from the paper until the 
word is entirely finished. Be careful to write t vertical. It 
is a common error to slant it, making it appear like ch. 
The stem ch, L 3, is for convenience called chay. 

Second— Frequently compare your work with the Plate, 
looking closely to see if it can be improved in any way. It 
should correspond as to shading, straightness of stems, and 
the nearness of the signs to each other. In size, the letters 
may be as small, and ought not to be much larger than 
those given in the Plate. The vowel dot a and dash o 
should always be placed at the middle of the stem. Write 
mostly with a pen ; it is superior to a pencil in every way. 

Third— Read one page of your writing without refer- 
ence to the Key. Better still, read each page you write. L 
5, for example would be read thus; pe-chay, chay-pe, etc. 
Short-hand is written by sound. Only as many letters are 
employed as there are distinct sounds heard ; thus, fo, foe; 
na, nay; lo, low; felo, fellow; do, dough; fabl, fable; fo- 
tograf, photograph ; mikst, mixed ; kwil, quill. There are 
no silent letters, as b in lamb. Each letter is used only 
when its particular sound is heard; thus p is used in pie, 
but not in sophist, (spelt sofist). In copper, (pronounced cop- 
er) p occurs but once. Hence the usual manner of spell- 
ing a word has nothing whatever to do in determining the 
way to write it in short-hand. 

Fourth^-Bmctice on Plate 3 till you can copy it in two 
minutes. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 





Plate 2. 18 


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1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 


2 T 1 
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4 K 


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k-t |_~l L~l IW| W L~l 


7 Kr-J. 


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8 J— K- 

9 P— Kr- 
10 K— B- 

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12 \ 


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"V WWW 
W>WWW 

H v_ V V '» /v P 

-, -i ) H t - - l 


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14 \ 


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COPYRIGHTED, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



14 



ORAL EXERCISE. 



Few vowels are written. Learn to spell by consonants, 
speaking the words aloud as you write them. Spend ten 
minutes a day upon exercises like the following: 

T-k, take; b k, book; p-g (pronounced pee-gay), pig; 
D-g.big; d-ch (pronounced dee-chay), ditch; b-j, budge; 
j-b, job; t b, tub; k-j, cage; p-j, page; b-k-t, bucket; 
t-k-t, ticket; j-k-t, jacket; k-b j, cabbage; b-t-k, betake; 
b-j-t, budget; b-d-k, bedeck; j-j, judge; d-k-t, docket; 
k-m, came; t-m, time; n-m, name; j-rn, gem ; g-m, game; 
1-v, love; th-f, thief; h-v, heavy; m-v, move; sh-v, shave; 
m-m-k, mimic; k-m-k, comic; b-k-m, became; d-l-j, 
deluge; h-t-1, hotel; n-g-j, engage; s-k-p, escape; m-n th, 
month. 

Beginners press the pen too hard upon the paper. That 
means more friction, more labor, more time, less speed. 
Touch the paper lightly. Make the thin stems as fine as 
possible; learn to dash them off rather quickly, barely 
touching your pen to the paper. Write compactly; that 
is, write small and place your words quite near each 
other. Avoid a sprawling style. Always carry in your 
pocket a short-hand sign book, manuscript, or exercise 
to read at leisure moments, while traveling, waiting for 
cars, steamboats, for lazy people to keep appointments, or 
whenever an opportunity for a few minutes' study may be 
had. Do not ask help in your translations. 



IS 



CURIOUS ITEMS. 



Some reporters can write four words a second for sev- 
eral minutes. Few speakers talk as fast as that. Stories 
are told of cases where the friction of the pencil, caused 
by its quick movement, would sometimes set the paper 
on fire. But these are only stories. In taking a short- 
hand report the pen really moves no faster than in writ- 
ing common long- hand. The difference between the two 
is, that in short-hand a single brief character represents 
an entire word; sometimes several words. 

Instances are related of cases where reporting was done 
under difficulties. One short-hand writer had to hold his 
note book against the wall and write standing. Another 
was obliged to write in the dark — had to " feel his way." 
It is so easy for some persons to report a speech, that 
they can do so while, to some extent, thinking of some- 
thing else entirely; just as you can walk and talk at the 
same time. To the expert, indeed, short-hand writing is 
an easy task. We know a few lawyers, skilled in sten- 
ography, who are able, while addressing the court, to 
write down their remarks in short-hand just as they are 
delivered, They were able to write, speak and think all 
at the same time. This was not so difficult, however, as 
it appeared, because the hand kept pace with the tongue, 
&nd the tongue with the brain, 



16 



LESSON III. 



KEY TO PLATE 3. 

Figures 1 and 2 show direction of letters, the rule being 
toward the centre. Fig. 3 shows their attitude and rel- 
ative length. 

3 Bee tea key gee eke peak peep deep. 

4 Joy toy coy Boyd bough chow out outch. 

5 Days goes pays pose chose gaze buys joys. 

6 Side seat soap siege sage soak sake sate. 

7 Spice space seeds sakes skies spokes spikes DeSoto. 

8 Dow stow cows base chase scow beak cope. 

9 Beach cheek keep keyed cowed gouge coke bestow. 

10 Cages betakes beseech besiege beside decide outside 

decays. 

11 Word-Signs— Common come give together which ad- 

vantage is his as has. 
12 1 high how the a all two (or too) already before ought 
who. Translate Ls 13, 14, and 15. 

EXPLANATION. 

Vowels are written at the beginning, middle, and end of 
the stems, in what are called the first, second, and third 
places. The sound of a dot or dash depends on the place it 
occupies. A third place vowel, occuring between two stems, 
is put by the second, as ow in cowed, L 9. There are, like- 
wise, three consonant positions; 1st, above, 2nd, upon, and 
3rd, through, or beneath the line. 

The circle s should be made small as possible, and al- 
ways be placed on either the upper or right-hand side of the 
Btem. If s begins a word, it is pronounced first, altho a 
vowel may be at the left of it. See side, L 6. Many of the 
commonest words are expressed by abbreviations, called 
word-signs. See Ls 11 and 12. These should be copied a 
great many times, and committed well to memory. 

First— Copy Plate 3 ten times. Compare and correct. 

Second— Write Ls 3 to 10 as the words are read to you 
from the Key. Carefully compare your writing with the 
plate, correct and continue writing until mistakes cease to 
be found. 

Tliird— Practice on word-signs until you can write the 
list easily, forwards or backwards, as it is read to you. 
Practice on the Plate until you can write it in two minutes. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 







plate 3. 




17 


1 


2 


* 

3 




./ A 

5 k 


r ^ 
r r 


- ^ V 






«t 


T 


k r r 


a_L_ a^_ 


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X ^ 


\ 


•P Q Q 


^^ 


D 


8 |a 


r- . 


_, \, 4 


A 


^x 


9^/1 -"~\ n i a , 

to / \ V V V t 1 

VOHD-SIGNS. |l_o / / 


o o 


V 

12 


V 

.... A 


\ 
. \ 


1 4 
_ 1 ..... 


r 

.... / 


.3 1 


/ 


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A 


F / A 


/' 


14 


.... \ 


e ^ v -r 


; 


15 V > 


<■ \ \ 


^__ „_ 


i 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



18 

LESSON IV. 



KEY TO PLATE 4. 

4 Fee fie vie He lay lee mow (verb) mow (noun). 

5 Oaf eve eel isle ire our life lower. 

6 Nile knoll kneel name lope league chore boil. 

7 Nose face sign save sore sown aims James. 

8 Dio leech sours soils arise Fido voyage Milo. 

9 Word-Signs— For have will me my him in any no. 
10 Never now give anything that first we you. 

Translate Ls 11 to 15. (The words in Ls 11 and 12 occur 
also in the exercise below.) 

After n, sk, and in some other cases, I is written down- 
wards. See L 6. It is then called el; and when struck up- 
wards, lay. The signs for I, oi, and ow, should be made 
as small, light, and sharp-angled as possible. When two 
vowels are written by one stem, one is placed nearer, ac- 
cording to the order in which they occur. The circle s is 
always written on the inside of curves. At first, curves are 
difficult to write. As to degree of curvature, they should 
be nearly one-fourth of a circle. Be careful to bend them 
evenly throughout. In this and all remaining Lessons, 
spend at least two hours in copying and re-copying the 
Plate. Then write the words as they are read to you from 
the Key, compare with the Plate, and repeat until no errors 
are found. Also write and re-write the exercise a number 
of times. Occasionally transcribe your short-hand, and 
compare the translation with the original print. At first 
write sloicly, and with great care; afterwards increase your 
speed gradually. 

First— Practice on Plate 4 until you can copy it in two 
minutes. 

Second— Spend twenty minutes writing the word-signs 
in Lessons III and rv as they are read to you miscellane 
ously. 

Third— Write in short-hand the following Exercise: 
Knee nay nigh know oil safe save file feel vale vile fame 
foam Lyle loaf loam Maine lief leave moil knife leak 
bore door fore pore pale pile peel bale bile fails toils 
Vice. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 





Plate 4, 19 


1FY ^ ^ 


^ LL ^ 


2 lr r "> r-\ r^\ r~~\ r~~\ 


3 M N ,~^ w s 


-sv_, ^ w -7- — ' 


< k ^ <L 


(T r C ^ o 


■ k. v .r 


v r ^ ^ <y .^ 


6 vy y -y 


. «v- n Q±s ^S £~s 


1 ^J> ^D 

1 


■ T- a ^ * 

"WORD-SIGNS.. 


? ^ w ^ 


» v_ v. r ...: 


~^ ^~^ /--N ^~^ ^~^ ^-^ 


10 ^ ^Zl_ 


^ «. 


WOKD-rOKMS. 

n V V <«* 


-v /" x^ ,r ^ 


* v t^ rv 


■Co r - r <yy 


« k, /«" ^ 


u V" V vr c~~ 


" ^ ^ ^ 


r r w ^r r 


COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



20 

WESSON V. 



KEY TO PLATE 5. 

7 Ace eyes thief loathe shave shire weak yoke. 

8 Sew wrote rise row rout Reno rising roar. 

9 Hoeing shaking heath shoal house hoax height yore. 

10 Recede geyser Kaiser miser spacer chosen pacing fac- 

ing. 

11 This week I take my fifth lesson in stenography. 
Word-signs. 12— Them [or they] think was your way he 

are stenography advantage a and [or an] period. 
Translate Ls 13, 14 and 15. 

EXPLANATION. 

In L 1 the first letter has the force of th in three, and is 
called ith; the second, the force of th in those, and is called 
the. Whens has the sound of z, as in was or goes, it is 
called z, and expressed by a thickened stem. S is most 
commonly expressed by the circle; but the curve is needed 
when an initial vowel precedes, as in ace, L 7, or a final 
vowel follows, as in sew, L 8. In L 3 the first letter, called 
ish, has the force of sh in bishop, or ti in motion. When 
struck upwards it is called shay. The second, called zhe, is 
equivalent to s in pleasure. The curves in L 4 are called 
way and yay, and are the same as the consonants w and y. 
H, always written upivards, is called hay, and ng, ing. 
Shaded m, called emp, is equivalent to mp or mb, as in temple, 
or tumble. Upward r, called ray, is used more than the 
down-stroke. It is quicker, oftener secures a good angle, 
and prevents word-forms from extending too far below 
the line. When the circle s occurs between two straight 
stems, it is placed outside the angle, as in geyser; at all other 
times it is if possible placed inside the curve. The circle is 
put on the left of up-strokes hay and ray. 

Exercise— -Moore hide rate heap road ride going reap 
saw ease reach rake rose. 

Sentences. 1. This boy's name is Jake, and he has a rake 
by his side. 2. He will take the rope and go and tie the 
cow. 3. This boy's name is James, and he has a spike 
and a nail. 4. Milo will take them and file them for two 
hours. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



Plate 5< 



21 



1 TH (( (( (( (( (( (( (( 
. S-Z )) )) )) )) )) )) )) 

3 SH-ZH J) J) J J J J JJ J) J) J J 

.hv ^r ^r ^r ^r 



5 n— ng </ 

6 KAY— MP 

7 



>xi x x Xi 



£_ 







rx 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



22 

LESSON VI. 



KEY TO PLATE 6. 

1 Balk talk chalk sought arm palm boom loom. 

2 Hoot gall shawl balm laws Ross yawl wasp. 

3 Maul sauce gauze tomb far bar mar jar. 

4 What will he do with that small jar of tar? 

5 Paul will take it aud pay for it right away. 
Word-signs. 6— Of to or but on should with were what 

would. Translate Ls 7 to 15. 

EXPLANATION. 

The signs in L 6 should be as light and small as possible. 
On and.' should are always written upwards. The vowels, 
altho not commonly employed in reporting, should be 
thoroughly learned. The student will be aided in recollec- 
ting both the character and order of the long vowels by 
committing to memory the following rhyme: 
In th-e g-ay c-a-T 
S-ee gv-ay cz-a-r. 
In sm-a-11 g-o-ld b-oo-ts, 
T-a-11 d-oe sh-oo-ts. 

Suggestions— Frequently review former lessons. Carry 
this paper in your pocket and devote spare moments to 
study. Correspond with two or three other students, using 
characters as far as you are able. If requested, the Author 
will furnish addresses. It is well to have a class-mate with 
whom to practice two evenings each week. Keep your di- 
ary in short-hand. Study a little every day— do not miss a 
single one. 

Exercise— Saul fall tall laws tar Czar doom Paul ball 
pause cause also moss walk hawk snow geese goose sly 
toss small jaw thaw. 

Sentences. 1. Do you know how to hoe peas ? 2. He is 
going to show them how to peel a potato with a spade. 
3. She likes to go to the lake and slide on the ice. 4. We 
have a loaf of rye and a bowl of ale for tea. 5. We also 
have a saucer of choice meal, and an eel which we will 
boil. 6. They have no rice, but oatmeal cake and a pail of 
spice beer. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 





plate 6. 23 


.!_ L_ Zl 


X— >. V— \» V— v i 


2 <d ,_r V 

4 ' r ^ 

6 V" r i_ 

WOKD-SIGNS. 
\ | 

6 x _ | 

TRANSLATE. 

7 _ Q^s W 

I 


1 1_1 ^/ M: 


1 . \ ^ 1 ^1 -=V.x 

/ c "J 
/ C D 


s~ ^ /(\ . 


..r..... ^ r N i- c~ * 


9 • <J_^ C 


_L r v_ s _ <f x 


io..:.... i r 


If "£ .---- ^ S ^ x 


.iL . ^ s 


z: . _ . xi . V « 


» ■•■ *r~ ■ ~ 


L x • ^ ' • \r, 


Ml'' / ^ 




15 " V / v. 


- "s; v ^ 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



24 VOCALIZING. 

The student's chief concern is to know when to write 
and when not to write the vowel sounds. He can, how- 
ever, be supplied with no specific rules. He must ex- 
ercise his own judgment in applying the general rule, 
viz. : In reporting, insert as many vowels as may be 
strictly necessary to render the notes decipherable when 
the transcript is afterwards made. More vowels than 
these are superfluous, and ought not to be written. Just 
what, however, is meant by "easily decipherable?" 
Some persons require the notes to be fully vocalized, or 
they find themselves at sea when the report is to be 
written. There are some few writers who dispense with 
vowels entirely. They form their characters well, choose 
accurate outlines and bring to bear an exceptional judg- 
ment and memory in writing out their reports after- 
wards. Those who use vowels to quite an extent learn to 
depend upon them, and the practice becomes necessary 
mainly through force of habit. 

Nothing short of experience will teach the young re- 
porter just to what extent he ought to insert vowels to 
render his reports intelligible to himself. The difficulty 
he finds in reading certain outlines will cause him to 
vocalize them when next they occur. Gradually, also, he 
learns to drop vowels which he does not find helpful in 
transcribing. Stenographers in time acquire an intuitive 
faculty telling them as they write, no matter how swiftly, 
that this word or that requires a vowel, or else, in the 
peculiar connection in which it occurs, its meaning will 
be doubtful afterwards when the tracks of his flying pen- 
cil are being translated into "English." 

The reporter, when pressed, writes larger than at other 
times. Some persons take this as an indication that a 
large hand is the most rapid. It proves just the contrary. 
The really skillful stenographer, when writing at high 
speed, is not flurried, and writes about as small a hand as 
usual. 

There can be no question but that the greatest speed 
will be attained ultimately only by writing the characters 
near each other, cultivating a neat style, and writing as 
small a hand as practicable. 



PRACTICAL HINTS. 



25 



The first downward letter of any word should rest on 
the line. This is an important rule. To illustrate, in writ- 
ing cabbage (in short-hand spelled k-b-j), k should be 
placed above the line so that b, the first downward letter, 
may rest upon it; j, the last letter, falls below the line. 
[See line 10, plate 2.] 

The word-signs will bother you— they do everybody. 
They are hard to memorize; nevertheless copy them and 
keep on copying them until you know them as well as your 
a, b, c's. If not now, you will, in due time, thoroughly 
understand them. They are simple abbreviations like 
Dec. for December, lb. for jyound, etc. 

Please refer to the word eke in the third line of the plate. 
The vowel e is placed above k, because the sound e occurs 
before the sound of k. For this reason the sign for ow is 
written at the left of t in the word out, line 2. But in key 
and toy, the vowels come last, and the signs are placed 
below or on the right side of the consonant letters or stems. 
The second word in line 6 is seat. Here s is read first, then 
the vowel, and lastly the stem t is sounded. 

Beginners make the s circle too large; there is no dan- 
ger of getting it too small. 

Make all letters the same length. This is easy. Keep 
this point in view while practicing, and you will soon form 
the habit of striking the letters of a uniform size. 

Nine-tenths of ail short-hand work consists in writing 
over and over many times a few hundred very common 
words; hence words and phrases which occur the often - 
est must be learned the best. The reporter writes him, is, 
will, I can, do not, scores of times to ocean, extracting caliber , 
indigo, delve, once. He will be sure to fail if he ever has 
to hesitate before wriling one of the common words. 

Quite-likely all the letters look very much alike to you. 
Still they are all different. Let us see. Consonants differ 
as to form (straight and curved), shading (light and 
heavy), attitude (vertical, horizontal and slanting). Vow- 
els differ from eachother in these respects : They are, first, 
long or short; second, light or heavy; third, first, second 
or third place; fourth, dots, dashes or angles. 



26 

JLESSON VII. 



KEY TO PLATE 7. 

1 Big beg bag bock buck book wife youth. 

2 Itch edge egg ash ill Al at pack. 

3 Mill inch niche knell fetch match snatch badge. 

4 Cob knock lock rub tub rum took shook. 

5 Wide wives twice few due new musty rusty. 

6 Message judge waxen injure muscle deposit nothing 

earth. 

7 Vessel citizen Mark agency hotel hasten maxim. 
Word-signs. 8— Help notwithstanding New York City 

spoke special knowledge acknowledge several I 
(or eye). 
Translate Ls 9 to 15. 

EXPLANATION. 

The short vowel signs are made very small and light. 

Mnpmonical Thvmps- -I Bil1 S ets bat; i Lot cuts wood - 
mnemonicai rnymes. -j Knls red fat -j Dot does gQ0(L 

When a second place short vowel occurs between two 
stems, it is placed by the second. The rule briefly stated 
is: 2nd place long and all first place vowels, are put by the 
first stem, and all others by the second. Wi is expressed 
by a small right-angle, and long u by a semi-circle. L 5. 
Proper names are indicated by a double underscore; as 
Mark, L 7. Common words are not usually vocalized. If 
a word contains two or more stems, it can usually be de- 
ciphered even if the vowels are omitted. See Ls 6 and 7. 

Exercise— Write with vowels: Dick Jack pig Ditch 
dim Jim gem beck bell catch latch patch jam dam rob 
dock shock shop duck dumb chum gum thumb nook 
cook dusty valley. Without vowels: Desk cabbage picnic 
spell early bill many among live heavy damage enough 
Alabama Tuesday Sunday Saturday discuss this. 

Sentences. 1. Amos has his bow in readiness. 2. He is 
waiting for the ducks to come up to the decoy. 3. Ed is 
too weak to make his way along the stony path up the 
slope. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



Plate 7. 



27 



i V_ . \^_ \_is ■ \_: Vj_ Y_j V_ „( 

, / / _u. J . -r r .1 v, 

.^ v -v r y -7 v ) 

- /A : 1 "v. Li- i 



. 1 Vo L L 



n- /cf- 



^ ^r I 



^T ^. 



/( 



** 



RD-SICNS. ■/ 

\ \ y y t 

| TRANSLATE. 



Ai .^^ ry^y 
— r 7 v_ ' A i 



12 cl^ 

13 D o /T~ 

.. I r \ s L ^ "~i A 
,, ^ __ a ^ \ ° J • 

COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



>^ X 



VOWEL TABLE. 



The following table will aid the learner In remembering 
the order and the place of the six long, and also the six 
short vowels: 



LONG VOWELS. SHORT VOWELS. 




1st 
place 


2d 
place 


3d 
place 


1st 2d 3d 
place place place 


Dots 


Bee 


Bay 


Bah 


Mit 1 Met I Mat 


Dashes.. 


Taw 


Toe | Too || Cot 


Cut | Foot 


Dots ' 


Me 


May | Ma 1 1 Pit | Pet 1 Pat 


Dashes .'.. 


Caw 1 Coe 


Coo | 


Not | Nut | Soot 



The words a, an, and, In phrasing, are denoted by a short 
tick written horizontally or vertically The tick selected 
should make an angle with the character to which it is 
attached. When not convenient to express these words 
by a tick, the dot signs should be used. 

In the following exercise use ray, except where the 
downward r is indicated (by ar) ; when I is to be written 
downward it is so indicated (byeZ). 

Write using ray: King road revive reveal (el) revenue 
ready repeal rash rate range wrong abhor birth bureau 
arrive earth march mark marry marriage memorial (el) 
merry admire memory mirror marrow notary period perish 
rare rarity injury theory thoiough tornado variety victory 
hurry poetry Arizona arch burial. 

Long vowels: Ate tea ace saw sea low oaf foe all ache 
gay aid dough awl ale lea ape Poe paw Joe shoe eve thaw 
jaw aim woe gnaw knee may Esau oar (ar) era (ar) ado 
age aught fee hay oat ode sew. (1st place) Cheek chalk 
heap heed tall leaf leap meal peal bawl beak bean beer 
hawk deal kneel (el) leak peach reap sheep team teeth 
wreath wreathe Neal (el) Paul. (2d place) Cake coach 
coal comb dale dame bail bowl cape joke fame gale game 
jail choke knave lame loaf nail (el) pole porch vale abate 
bore (ar) roam (ar). 

Using dipthongs, write: Tie pipe vile knife mile defy 
boil coil foil row toy vouch Guy buy die chime couch coy 
dike fowl hide nigh owl foul pike pile rhyme shy sigh spike 
dye thigh tire toil annoy diet envoy royal Isaac sour. 



29 



EXERCISES. 

S-circle junctions between two straight letters : Custody 
dispatch discuss dispose exhibit dispel gazet gospel justice 
succeed capacity Tuesday bestow disguise dusk gossip 
hostile receipt rest less upset restore custom task rustic 
risk. 

Between a straight and a curved letter: Citizen desire 
desirous disarm dislike excel Harrison message music re- 
solve instil musical pacific society specify answer dismiss 
visitor visit reason receive vivacity honesty Massachusetts 
Minnesota Erastus (ar) Missouri officer sarcasm (ar). 

Between two curves: Innocence insanity mason scarcely 
Cincinnati refusal (el) license (el) offensive; (also write) 
sophomore sorrow genius science sublime Minneapolis. 

Sentences: — 1. Your son is a wise youth, because he- 
eeeks to-do-right. 2. In our city we -have some enow in- 
the-month of May. 3. Joseph Jaokson, the-lawyer, 
has-a-large influence, and-he-may resign his office. 4. 
We-think of going into-a-business scheme together. 5. 
Our affairs are now in-such shape that-we may do-so if- 
we-wish. 6. Your absence in Alabama may restore your- 
health, and-thus be-the cause of-much happiness. 7. 
How -long- do -you think you-will reside in-the South? 
8. I-will leave for Dakota in-the-month of March. 

PHRASES. 

As-he as-it-was do-so do-that do-they has -that have- 
also have-become have-long I-am-also I-am-ready I- 
became I-have I-know-that I-was ln-any in-his in-it 
in-the-way in-them in-which in-your may-have may- 
never take-it take-that take-them it-was. 

All-are all-his all-my all-right ail-that all-the-way 
all-which all-you all-your and-have as-it-should before- 
his before-the before-you but-a but-may but-that but-the 
but-we for-a for-which has-a have-a of -that of-the-way 
in-the-way of-them on-that should-be should-do should- 
never should-they take-the to-him to-live to-love-them 
too -many who -may who -was. 

All-such all-this be-said be-this before-this do-such 
do-this does-it does-that does-the does-this does-your 
for-such for-this has-this have-them have-such have -this 
how-may in-its-own is-this it-makes such-was to-his 
to-this which-has which-makes. 

And-we as-it-should for-we have-we such-as that-you 
we-do we-have they-were we-were what-all what-do 
what-does with-the with-that would-bay would. never 
how-you. 



30 

UESSON VIII. 

KEY TO PLATE 8. 

1 Pump ample sympathy empire symbol thump lamp. 

2 Cases paces necessary success faces loses causes. 

3 Subsist exercise system Mississippi necessity races 

houses. 

4 You-may do-you I-say-so shall-never you-will-never 

you-are have-time. 

5 Does-it-make will-you-come how-long-have-you they- 

may shall-have we-have-no. 

6 Will-you-take as-you-like it-is-so shall-I-have as-many- 

as as-long-as do-we-know. 

7 I-was I-do-think I-have-no-time I-will-never I-write- 

you he-may he-would he-is he-has-no. 

8 To-be may-be justice-of-the-peace as-well-as do-as-you 

have-his-name for-the-sake-of just-so. 

9 Takes-us gives-us as-soon-as this-system makes-us 

United-States is-as as-is. 

10 A-day aspace a-long a-common a-coil you-and-I he- 

and-you this-and-that. 

11 The-advantage to-the of -the all-the for-the on-the 

should-the of-a to-a have-a. 
Word-signs. 12— Importaut-ce improve-ment simple-ly 
impossible temperance December post-office become. 
Translate Ls 13, 14 and 15. 

EXPLANATION 

The syllables ces, cis, sis, ses, sez, etc. are expressed by 
the large circle, about five times larger than the small s. 
Words grammatically related are usually joined together, 
providing the phrases thus formed are angular, and not 
too long. Words, when phrased, may be written out of 
their usual position. Observe 1st, ouly half the I is writ- 
ten, whichever tick makes the best angle; 2nd, he is the 
same as the last tick of 7", exceptiug that it is always struck 
downwards; 3rd, the is precisely like either he or /; 4th, a, an 
and are expressed by a vertical or horizontal tick. See Ls 7 
to 11. A hyphen between words indicates that they are to 
be joined together. Proper phrasing increases both speed 
and legibility. 

Exercise— Camp lump damp pieces noses mazes noises 
scamp jump Texas Moses. Makes-time has-no-time for- 
a-long give-me it-is necessary I-think you-will and-it-was 
and you-may-think a-desk the-bell. You-will always have 
time enough if -you-will but use your time to-advantage. 
Give to each thing no-time but-that-is necessary. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



31 

Plate 8* 

2 _D No ^X>^ o_D ko f9 «~° 

-/ E, -A -f -? /"■ 






u </ 






s Ld 



_o 



Q_j> 



io 1- \ 



/ 



> 



> - 



s 



WORD-SIGNS. 

v ....XI- "7 u K 

TRANSLATE. 



^3 _°_p 



r v!, x 






COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



32 

I/ESSON IX. 

KEY TO PLATE 9. 

1 Play able evil civil fleeces shelf devil Majel. 

2 Price breezes trump catcher glimmer trainer exagger- 

ate distress. 

3 Spry sober suffer over thrice pressure measure cig- 

arette. 

4 Puff spine above brain stiff strain cuff clown. 

5 Flown thine assign ozone shine hen explain sustain. 
G Pines chance density lonesome extensive behavior ref- 
erence sister. 

Translate Ls 7 to 15. 

EXPLANATION. 

A small hook at the beginning and on the circle side of 
a stem, indicates that I is to be added; eg. play, evil, L 1. 
A hook on the opposite side indicates r; eg. price, trump, 
L 2. These hooked stems are called double consonants. A 
circle on the r side of straight letters implies r; see spry, 
sober, L 3. In order to bring the hook on the left side (to 
signify r), f,v, and^/iare reversed; see over, thrice, etc. 
L 3. A circle may be written within a hook. See civil, dis- 
tress, suffer. When the r-hook is prefixed to m, or n, the 
stem is shaded; see glimmer, trainer, L 2. B and I are 
called initial hooks; the/ and n hooks, which occur at the 
end of letters, are called final. F is attached to straight 
stems only, and is written on the circle side, as in puff, L 4. 
This hook is used for v also, as in above. The n-hook is 
put on the opposite side of straight letters, and is also at- 
tached to curves. See Ls 4 and 5. A circle written on the 
n-hook side of a straight letter at the end of words, implies 
n; eg. pines, chance, (but not density) L 6. All these hooks 
should be small and light. 

Exercise— Black blame claim close globe pledge total 
gray grow break pray dray loiter pry trail cry drill 
keeper phrase favor Friday throw strike stray spree sam- 
ple cough crave bluff grove strive grieve pain stain bean 
bone dine twine taken turn bench lone mine fine abstain 
expense distance. 

Sentences. 1. Every Tose has its prickles. 2. Every 
path has its puddle. 3. Variety is the very spice of life. 
4. For the upright there are no laws. 5. All cruelty 
springs from weakness, 6. Wise judges are we of each 
other. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



Plate 9. 33 

x \> ^ -; ^ h ~? { 



« 1 


1 


TRANSLATE. V 


' s 


, r 


t V 


1 ° 


1 


c v 


'^ 


• \ > L 


1 




- /S "D 


3 


9 A 


~*u -o, 1 


^ 


-7 A 


zj 


10 t 


/ * 


^ : 


. 


</ c/ A r T^> 


11 t, 


G ^ 


^ - 


— -'a 


^ ^ 


} 


12 ^ 


/• V, 


s 




« \^ 


1 


13 Q Q 


, o . 


>_D c 




O* ,^_o ^ 


_^ X 


h r 


• > N 


^ 


^ 


<C — 


V 


15 /^\_ 


COPYRIGHTED. ALL I 


tIGHTS 


RESERVED. 


X 



34 



TICKS. 

Upward r and ch are never mistaken one for the other . 
Bay, as it is called, slants more and is longer than chay. 
Besides, it is always written upwards, while chay is in- 
variably struck downwards- 

In short- hand two or more common words are often 
written, together, without the pen being lifted from the 
paper. The characters thus produced, which represents 
several words, are called phrases. The practice of phras- 
ing increases speed, and is safe. 

The sign for I is made up of two short ticks. In phras- 
ing, only one of these ticks is written. That one should 
be selected which makes a sharp angle by joining to the 
next word, He, in phrasing, is also indicated by a tick just 
like the second tick of I, with this important difference 
that he is always written downwards, while the second 
tick for I is struck upwards. 

The six short vowels are indicated by a small light dot 
and dash written in the three vowel places. For example : 
A light dot, when written in the second place, has the 
force of e in beg, and a light dash the same power as u in 
cup A light dash, first place, is equivalent to o in job. 
The learner will observe that the short vowel signs are 
quite small. This is necessary to render them easily dis- 
tinguishable from the long. 

Vowels trouble most students mainly because they are 
not well learned. But there are so few of them that a per- 
son can as easily become familiar with them as with the 
faces of his brothers and sisters. 

Write, using short vowels 111 kick lock rock chorus 
edge egg guess kiss haughty gem valley autumn daisy 
noisy espy ally alto dock chip chop cob dairy duck 
dumb Dutch essay gas gaudy hobby job lag lap pack lash 
latch lath leg lip luck mess mob odd pith rack shock 
Jesse Ella Emily Emma. 



35 
HOOKS. 

The hooked consonants should be written with one 
stroke of the pen. By so doing, not only is speed in- 
creased, but the liability is lessened of forming the hook 
too large or too cramped. 

The r-hook occurs mostly at the beginning of words; 
but sometimes it is to be written medially , that is in the 
middle of a word, as in distress, line 2. Here the circle is 
located on the left side of the stem, out of the usual 
position, in order that the hook may be prefixed to t. 
Strictly, however, it is not a hook, but an offset, which 
serves the same purpose. 

The fact that either one of any pair of cognate or simi- 
lar sounds may be represented by the same sign with no 
danger of ambiguity, has been fully shown in the case of 
the circle, which is sometimes used for s and sometimes 
for z, as sense may demand. This plan is safe, because 
s and z are similar sounds. So, also, are /and v. Hence f 
no uncertainty of meaning results from using a single 
hook to express both, as in the sentence, " They may 
well grv, considering their cause of grf." It is easy to 
determine here when the short -hand character grf should 
be read grief, and when grieve. 

ince this hook is attached to straight letters only, the 
stems / and v must be used whenever / or v are to be 
added to any curved letter. For example, knave is writ- 
ten with the stem v, for the reason thaS, according to the 
rule, the hook cannot be attached to the curve n to ex- 
press the following v. F, lite the circle s, is written on 
the left, not the right-hand side, of upstrokes. [See be- 
havior, line 6.] 

When a hook is joined at the end of the letter m, it is 
written below, that is on- the curved side. It would be 
very awkward to write it on the upper side. It is different 
with k, to which it is easy to attach a hook both above and 
below. Hence, only one hook is placed at the end of 
curves, and this hook stands for n, because n occurs a 
good deal oftener than / and v. 



36 

LESSON X. 



KEY TO PLATE 10. 

_ Learn color coral relate camel million tunnel analogy. 

2 Hack hug hum hole hire whack Abraham mayhem. 

3 Wall wore swine wine twin dwell quack Guinn. 

4 Option passion station separation fashion physician 
compensation enslave. 

5 Post coasting vest gazed against boaster fluster pun- 

ster. 

6 Letter order father weather cumber anchor. 

7 Boat moat note gate plight died sobbed blade voted 

political. 

8 Coats freights paint gift draft blend strained wend 

mend weld. 

9 Mode send old sword middle needle failed poured at- 

tempt longed. 

10 Core gall cull chart chill counterbalance circumstance 

selfish. , 

11 Complain introduce recommendation recognize cast- 

ings yourself ourselves friendship. 

12 Weed war woke wit web yield yoke youth Yeddo. 
Translate Ls 13, 14 and 15. 

EXPLANATION. 

A large hook prefixed to r, m, and n, indicates I, and r 
when joined to /. LI. A tick joined to Jc, g, I, r, m, or 
w, expresses h. When hay cannot well be written, a small 
dot is used. L 2. A small hook prefixed to I, r, m, or n, ex- 
presses w. A large w-hook is also used in the double con- 
sonants tw, dw, Tew, and gw. See L 3. A large final hook 
indicates the syllables sion, cion, Hon, shion, etc. When 
s precedes, this syllable is represented by a little curl on the 
opposite side. See L 4. This curl, when initial, stands for 
n, as in enslave. A narrow loop expresses st, and a broad 
one str. L 5. Doubling a curve adds tr, dr, or thr. L 6. 
Half-length stems add t, or d. See Ls 7, 8 and 9. Observe 
1st, that t is not pronounced until all vowels and hooks 
which are appended to the stem have first been sounded; 
2nd, that s, if final, is sounded after t; that I, r, m, and n, 
are shaded for d (L 9) except when a hook is attached. L 8. 
A vowel, to be read after a stem and before hook I or r, is 
struck through the stem, if a dash, or if a dot is changed 
to a small circle, preceding if a long, and following if a 
short vowel. L 10. 

Learn also Prefixes and Affixes, (L 11), and Coalescents, 
L 12. 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 





Plate 10, 


37 


i.Cr-L 


r^ cs\ -c 


^ - O ^ 


2 z : i- 


l -^ ' r ^ ' 


>_, V^: ^ 


>JT c 




^r <_ 


*\> 


!>• J ■;%) .VD 


^ 'V /v 


5 X " 


f W, -f> -to 


>6 *b V 


7 V -r 


w _ V l v 

1 • — 


.:^ % ^ i_ 


B -f ^ V „.V_.„ %■ % 


, 3* ^y <^ 'C 


9 ? ^ 


, y ^ ~r y 


V \ - u C 


10 <*- ' 


=- — „; /• 


\ i y 


ii^ n 


^-1 /° 


f* r ■ "d -^ 


» c i 

13 cL 


TRANSLATE. 


r -a. „( + 


14 (> 


j- - L 


~\ l^^A 


13 \) 


n$ ~\ ^ — 


I -n '\ =1 



COPYRIGHTED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



88 

KEY TO PLATE. 



1. Plenty chosen refrain profound candid sermon vixen 
splendid struggle. 2. Terminate willingly recover can- 
nonade reduplicate calibre Brattleboro. 3. Exterminate 
troublesome excavate designate typographer octagon 
fantastic. 4. Freedom return detach dusty cheapen 
verify deeper branches manifold. 5. Extravagant occu- 
pant definite experiment monstrosity photographer 
chronology. 6. Bulk fork march forge milk forth birth 
roared. 7. Study stead stayed ousted bread bored birdie 
borrowed. 8. Worker purchaser digestive disturber re- 
fusal soldier laborer. 

Phrases. 9. Somewhere-else which -would-be which- 
would-make which- had -been which-has-just-been all- 
you-wish no-more-than-you can did-you-wish. 

Sentences. 1. A-man's character is-the reality of 
himself; his reputation the-opinion others have formed 
about-him ; character resides in him, reputation in other 
people; that-is-the-substance, this-the shadow. 2. A-small 
leak will sink a-great ship. 3. A-fool may- make money, 
but it needs a wise-man to-spend it. 4. All is-not gained 
that-is putinto-the purse. 5. Tell-your secret to-your- 
servant and-you make-him your-master. 6. If-you- 
would have a thing well done, do -it yourself. 



EXERCISE. 



1. Pain may-be -said to follow pleasure as-lts shadow. 
2. Peace is rarely denied tothe peaceful. 3. Pity Is 
akin to-love. 4. Pity is love when grown into excess. 

5. Prayer Is to religion what thinking is to philosophy. 

6. To -pray is to -make religion. 7. He-that-has-no cross 
deserves no crown. 8. The-Rible is-a window in-this 
prison of hope, through which we look into eternity. 9. 
Nothing speaks our grief so well as-to speak nothing. 
10. Speaking much is-a sign of vanity. 11. The-soul 
knows no persons. 12. He who-is in evil is also in-the 
punishment of-evil. 13. The-rose is fair, but fairer we it 
deem, for-that sweet odor which doth in-lt live. 14. 
Keep true to-the dreams of-thy-youth. 



Plate 39 

3 v^ ^ v v v~ \y ^ n ^'~ 

e _£_UL V (r J, -< V, ....... 

7 ^ ^ J, > -p_£ L |r.^f 

9 lr- l^> b- b *~r L ^V 

WORD-SIGNS. ' 

10 _ _ _ ./. .. i.. ) ) ... 1J «/ 

- rrr i ~ x "* 

is ■^ V > vx-" -7 * 

13 " "1 ---v ~ — -/ ^ -- 

15 <1 <fr * - ^ yy £_ 



40 PREFIXES. 



The commonest prefixes and affixes are provided with 
brief signs, the greater number of which are Joined to the 
main outline. 

Con, com and cog are indicated by a dot, as in compress, 
conduce, cognition. Line 1. In most cases, however, this 
dot is entirely omitted with no loss of legibility. 

Con, com, cog, when medial are expressed by separating 
the preceding from the following portion of the word, as 
In accommodation, accompany, etc., Line i. 

Counter, contra i o, are indicated by a slanting tick, as 
In countermarch, contradiction, contribution, Line 1. 

Circum,self, are denoted by the s circle, as in self-con- 
sciousness, circumvent, Line 2. 

Inter, intro, anti, ante, are denoted by the shortened n, 
joined to the remaining part of the word, as in interview, 
introduce, antiseptic, Line 2. 

Magni, magna, may be indicated by the. disjoined m, as 
In magnify, Line 2. 

Mai, post, super, axe commonly expressed as shown In 
malcontent, postman, supervene, Line 2. 



KEY TO PLATE. 



1. Compress conduce cognition accommodate recom- 
mend countermarch contradiction contribution. 2. Inter- 
view Introduce antiseptic self-consciousness circumvent 
magnify mal-content postman supervene. 3. Commit 
commodity contemporary conquest community comment- 
ary confess compensate. 4. Accommodation accompany 
reconstruct recognition excommunicate incomprehensi- 
ble conjunction inconsistent. 5. Counterbalance coun- 
terpart interpose interrogation internal interrupt anti- 
quary discontent interest. 6. Commission compensation 
contempt command confidence composition constitute 
commencement conductor. Translate lines 7 to 10. 

"Word S gns. 11. Circumstantial malpractice construc- 
tion constructive incompetent consequence consequent 
consequential. 12. Unconcern comprehend comprehensive 
antiquity antiquarian consider consideration recon- 
sider confidential. 

Phrases. 13. Fora-consideration I-am-content in- 
his-opinion in-his-own-interest it-is-interesting uoder- 
any- circumstances every-circumstance that-conclusion. 

Sentences. 1. Active natures are rarely melancholy. 
2. Our actions are our-own, their consequences belong to 
Heaven. 3. Love is incompatible with fear. 



matt 



41 



i \ t <o — yC ,s/ L-, ^ 

3 i I L/-*- ^^.M/VoVf 



6 ^> V U w V., 

WORDrFORXW. O ^, 

r 



\, 



10 

WOB0-8<GN(» 
11 



• ^ X ^ r v . a ;*■ v ) 

BD-8K3NP. ^ 

13 V ""T" ^^ vJL-~| 1 <^ {_^ 

^j 3ESTBSCES. ^- I O d 



42 

AFFIXES. 



List of affixes : Ing ings ship ble bly ility ality arity self 
selves full hood soever ture ly. 

Tlie dot, circle and tide, are used to denote ing, ings and 
ing-the respectively, in cases where the stem ing c.-mnot 
conveniently be joined, as in preserving, castings, doing- 
the, Line 1. 

The s and sez circles denote self and selves, as in himself, 
ourselves. 

Ship is expressed by sh, as in friendship. But in order 
to avoid unsuitable outlines, sh is sometimes disjoined, as 
in lordship, courtship. 

The endings, ility, ality, arity, are signified by the de- 
tachment of any letter from the preceding part of the 
word, as in barbarity, fidelity, instrumentality, Line 2. 

The terminations, ble,bly,ful, are often indicated by b 
and /simply, as in admissible, disgraceful, Ls 3 and 4. 

Mnt, when written separately from the preceding part 
of the word, indicates mental, as well as mentality, as in 
instrumental, Line 2. 

Hood is denoted by d, usually joined, as in womanhood. 

The ending, soever, is written sv, as in whensoever, 
Line 4. 

Ture is expressed by tr, as in structure, Line 1. 

KEY TO PLATE. 



1. Preserving castings doing-the himself ourselves 
accountable lordship friendship graceful structure. 2. 
Fidelity individuality barbarity credulity hospitality for- 
mality instrumental legibility. 3. Vastly beastly regular- 
ity illegibility intellectuality womanhood disgraceful 
township courtship. 4. Whensoever ostensible citizen- 
ship engravings fixture manhood childhood admissible 
yourselves. 

Phrases. 5. Political-principles short-space-of-time 
as-llttle-as by-which-it-may-be by-which-it-would-be 
for-some-time if-it-is it-is-absolutely-necessary. 6. 
Let-us-be most-natural must-not-be present-question 
such-is-not-the-case this-is-not-the-case thought-we- 
were to -state. 

Sentences. 1. No sensible-person ever made-an 
apology. 2. To-love-one that-is great is almost to-be 
great one's-self. 3. JSTo man was ever so-much deceived 
by another as by himself. 4. Self-trust is-the essence of 
heroism. 



Plate 



43 






3 y y ^l jr r, ^ j-^..„ ^ 
5 y ^ /^ >^ \ ^>..jy^ 

6 A^ ^~y. •~t^ < \^— > C o V^_^ ' Y 

( . > SENTENCES. 

^.....y. *~ « x ® ^ ^ ) .~ ^ 

\ TRANSLATE. 

<c* ©j£^_Li.A. .y x © ^ y ° s/> 

N C \> b x 



44 

KEY TO PLATE. 



Line 1. Might mighty date edit void avoid bate abate 
gate agate. 2. Obliged avoided stopped stood coTered 
comrade infidel betide esteem, immature. 3. Evidenco 
fortune per cent swift rhetoric susceptible judicial in- 
tegrity catalogue. 4. Estimate ultimate evident Connecti- 
cut adjudicate captivate multiply went acquired between. 
5. Intentional perpetual apart abstract hermit antagonism 
Presbyterian prominent return. 6. Heat taught sort as- 
similate athlete dissipate exult ostentatious added. 7. 
Schedule seldom despite mutual necessitate beautiful 
delicate district integral. 8. Prejudice transact promul- 
gate federal intolerable acquaintance wayward photo- 
graph intention. 9. Advocate defective splendid distinct 
distribute stimulate instruct invested. 

Word and phrase signs. 10. Feature future fact as- 
tonish astonishment establish establishment onward wis- 
dom quite history world. 11. If -it it-ought it-would it-had 
at-it do-it had-it of-it have-it have-had people-of-God. 
12. Historian Act-of -Congress at-all- events east and - 
west f«ar of-God good-and-bad in-the-world all-the- 
world. 

Phrases. 13. As-good-as as-good-as-possible could- 
never could-not God's-love church-of-God in-which-you- 
are-engaged what-did. 14. Was-recelved which-is-in- 
tended whlch-made could-nevertheless as-good-as-it if- 
it-did it-is admitted that-is-intended. Translate Line 15. 



WRITING EXERCISE. 



Bed eould good shade stood decided comrade method 
instead evidence educated invade infidel. 

In the following list both t and d are expressed by halv- 
ing: 1 pos. east bottom got did light bid God meet invite 
might indeed fit knot lightning lot soft spot. Vocalize: 
Feat beat naught caught fought dot tight deed shot night 
slight naught sift feed knight neat salt sheet spite steed 
tide. 



45 



f> C /> V-7 V WVL 

7 f f f ? \ \ ^ VI 



9 tf-^yfc 

SENTENCES. \ 

c - 



© 



PHRASES. / 



uy 






46 



LENGTHENING AND SHORTENING. 



The writing of a curve double its usual length signifies 
the addition, first, of thr, second, tr, and third, dr. The 
writer's aim should be to write the lengthened curve 
more than twice its natural length, rather than less, in 
order to obviate any liability there may be to confound it 
with standard letters. For convenience long curves are 
named fetter, vetter,thetter, metter, etc. These in propor- 
tion to their length are bent much less than standard 
stems. To "illustrate, metter extends but a trifle further 
above the line than m. 

The lengthened mp adds r only, signifying mpr or mbr. 
Lengthened ng adds kr or gr only. 

This principle is used to quite an extent in phrasing. 
Lengthening a curve adds there, their or other. Final ng is 
sometimes lengthened to add there or their. 

One of the rno.4 useful contrivances in the entire sys- 
tem is that by which a letter, when shortened to half its 
usual length, is made to express an added t or d. Thus, 
b, when shortened in this manner is read bt, as in bit, or 
bd as in bed ; 1c when halved, has the force of let, as in 
cut, or led as in code. T and d are the most frequently re- 
curring consonants, and being cognates, or similar sounds, 
no ambiguity results fxom the expression of both by the 
same contrivance. 

Learners are cautioned not to write the shortened let- 
ters more than half the usual, or standard length, else 
the two will become confounded. The practice of the 
writer should be rather to form these brief signs a trifle 
less than the standard length. To avoid confusion not 
only must the halved letters not be too long, but those of 
standard length also should not be too short. 

Shonened curves arc, in proportion to their length, 
bent somewhat mow than full lengths; as an illustration 
it will be seen that mt extends almoi-t as far above the 
line as m. This practice adds to the angularity of many 
word-forms. 

When t or d is followed by a final vowel, it cannot be 
properly expressed by the halving principle; for if it 
were so indicated, it would be impossible so to place the 
final vowel that it would be read last. To illustrate t in 
might, may be expressed by shortened m; but the em- 
ployment of the stem t in mighty indicates the fact of a 
following voweL 



$late 47 



- - V-- - - N l£-4* — 



48 pate 

SENTENCES. /"" 

®f ~ U V^ J-^V. 

i=y..) ^ *®L — ^ — ~ "V-i. 

©^/ v % *> . u ^ ,2cl«-.< ) « 

TRANSLATE. 

ifo«.c7kap.5. © ^> "V .^ °V l 3 "^ x 

</ V x ® \ ^ ■ % \ J V ^ " 



TKANSLATE. 



</* 






6 \ y^ysi. 

N ^ xi .run L-^z_j. r*- xl, 

^ p * ^ ) 6. r a. 
^^ C-r r «- ' V, 
^* ^ JL "i ^ 



tLr 






2± ' j f 



1. — =^_ / 



*?* 



^_1_£ > v j p * 



V 



~M 



n i_ v. <, 



50 



VOCABULARY. 



A 

Ahle-to 

Able-to-glve-lt 

Abundant 
Vccompllsh 
According 

Aocordlng-to 
Aecordlng-to- 

hls-contract 
Accordlng-to- 
the-lnstructlon 

Accuracy 
Accurate 
Acknowledge 

Acquiesce 

Acquit 

Aet-of-congress 

Actual 
Acute 

Advantage 

Advantageous 
Advertise-lrig 
Advertisement 

Affirmative 

After 
Alter noon 

Afterward 
Again-and- 

ajraiii 
Ago 

Agriculture 

All 

Allow 

Almighty 

Almost 

Ahuost-ahvays 

Alreadv 
All-the- world 

Altogether 

Always 

Amanuensis 

Ambiguity 

Amendment 
An 

Analogy- 

And 

Angel 
Anguish 



« S_> 




• V 



/O'-xP 



/ 






Anno Domini 

(A.D.) 
Annual 
Antiquarian 

Antiquity 
AnvU-ly 

Auyhyw 

Anything 

Apostle 

Appear 

Appearance 
Appeared 

Applied 

Apply 

Appoint 
Appointed 

Appointment. 
Appoints 

Appreciate 

Apprehend 

Apprehensive 
Approve 

Are 

Aristocrat 
Arrange 

Article 
As 

As-a-matter-of- 
fact 

As-fast-as 

As-great-as 

As-has 

As-hls 

As-lt 

As-lt-will 

As-ls 

As-soon-as 

Associate 

Astonish 

Astonishment 

As-well 



At 

At-all 
At-all-eventa 



Atrall-lts 

At-all-tlmes 

At-auy-rate 



VOCABULARY. 



51 



At- it 

At-lengtb. 

At-once 
Avenue 
Average 

Aware 
Awful 
Awhile 

Bank-note 
Baptist 
Barrier- 
Be 

Because 
Become 

Before _ 
Beforehand 

Began' 

Begin,, 
Begu„u 
Behalf 

Belilm! 
Behold* 
Belief 

Belong 

Belonged 

Beneficial 

Benevolence 
Benevolent' 
Be-not" 

Bequest.- 

Betftiv-ndt 

Beiter^than 

BWond 

Bil'l-of-jsale 

UJiiudec 

Board 

B..anl^f-Jfajl5 

Brilliancy: 

BrotTTei* 

BrotiiiraSfid 

But 

By-the^firsT.^-, 
By-\VaySSfejllJS 

tratlon?^ 
Calculate 



-J- 

7 



T^- 



^■f- 



\ 



\ 



» Jo 






-\- 

\ 



> v. 
•^ V 



Characterize 
Characterizes 
@iijd 

Children 
Christian 
Christianity 

Christianize 

Circuit!" 

Circulate 

Circulation. 

Circumstance. 

Circumstances 

Collect 

Collect-on-de* 
liverv (C.O.D.-) 

Collector 

Comov _^ 
Commercial 
Common' 

Commonwealth 
Communication 
Company 

Comparative' 

Compliance 

Comprehend 

CompreKerisiyie 
Concern^ 

Confession 




^ 






_o 



/ 



-4TI 




52 



vocabulary. 



— - -* 

f X f 

HV 

__ 

1 A. <L 

i... I I 
l_ > J-- 



Confidential 
Confidential^ 
.coinm unlcajtion 
Congesuon 

Congratulate 
Connection*' 
Conscientious 

Consequence 

Consequent 

Consequential 

Consider 

Consideration 

Consistent' 

Consonant, 
Constantly 
Const itution 

Constitntion-dt' 

the-U,-Sj 
Construct 
Construction. 

Constructive 

Continue 

Conti nue d 

Convenience 

Co-operate 

Correct 

Correspond 

Countenance 

Counterbalance 

Courageous 

Creature 

Criticise 

Ciitlclsin 

Cross-examina..- 

tion _■ "" 
Cross-examine 

Cultivation 

Cure 

DangeV 

Dark 

Darken 

Darkness 

Dare^nol 
Dav-of-the> 
.'Kvgijk 
DeiU' 

Dear-"sir . 
December 
Defendant* 





1 


% 


P 


u 


ff J 

> 11 


\ 


L 


H 


\^ 






■^-s 


-±j> 


\ 


7. 


c— 


n> 


T- 







^5- 


__. 


■ / 


-1 


....}_. 


■•■-}•••• 


V 


k_ 


i 


\ 


<k 


u 



Definition 

Degree_ 

Delipe.ra.td 

Deliberation 

Delight 

Delinquent 

Deliver 

Deliverance 

Delivery 

Demonstration 

Demoralize 

Demoralisation 

Denominate 7 

Denomination 

Deuoininmioiial 

Denounce. 
Dependent 
Derivative 

Derive 

Describe 

Description: 

Descriptive 

Destiny Jl._, 
Determination 

Determine 

Develop 

'TievgldiiuiejLt 

Dld-not 
Differ' 

Difference^ 

Different 

Ditficult 

Difficujt^ 

Dignity 

Disadvantage 
Djsggrfeg 

Disal5pTat' 
Disconnect 
Dishjinur 

Dls-iiiembeived 
Dissatisfaction 
Dissatisfy; 

Doctor/ 

DoetttaS 

D.Qril 



<K^ — < 



1 3 

I 



fcfr 



VOCABULARY. 



53 



Dollar-s 
Domestic 

Dominion 



Do^not 

Downward) 

Due> 

During/ 
Dwarf 
Each 

Each-are 
Each-will 
Each-will-have 

East-and-west 

Elficienf 

Elaborate 

Electricity" 
Eloquence 
Embezzle 

Emphatic^ 

Emphatically 

Enclosure 

Endeavor 

Endless- 

Energy 

English-lift, 

guage 
Enlarge 
Enterprise* 

Equal 

Equator 

Especially 

Essentially 
Establish-ed 

Establishment 

Estate 

Estlmated-cost 
Estiinated- 
weight 

Estimation 

Et <\ctcra(eto.) 

EternaU 

Euldgy' 
En rope 
European 

Ever 

Ever-and-ever 

Everlasting 



k-U^ 



/ 



i- " -- 




Everlasting-life 

Every 

Every-one 



Evidence 

Examination 

Example 

Excellence 

Excellent- 
Exchange 

Expect 

Expected 

Experience 

Explanation 

Express 

Expression 

Exquisite 
External 
Extinguish) 

Extraordinary 
Eye-slgB 



Failurei 
Faithful^ 

Falsehood 

Familiar 

Fear^f-Ggd 



Feature 

February 

Fellow-citizen 

Fellow-creature 

Fe\r 

Fewest 

Finally 

Finance 
Finish 

First 

First-class 

Five-or-six 



Follow* 

For 

Foreign 



Forever-and- 

ever 
For-instance 
For-Jt 



^ 



^ ^ 



\\ 



V. 



54 


rOCABVLABY.^ 






Forsake 




Handwriting 






For-the^Arsl* 




Handy 






time . 
For-the-inost 5 - 
part 


Va_ SjJ^\ 


Happen j 
Happiness 


/"■^n* 


For-the-9ake-o.f 

Forthwith 

Fortunate 


\^.yA^- 


Happy 
Hard. 

Hardware, 


v^ 


""*sr 


Forward 

Four-or-iive 

Franklin 


^\^ 


Has— 
Has-his 

Hath 


V ° 


o 


Frequent 

From 

From-nrst- to- 
last 


x^ v 


Have 
Have-had 

Have- it 


./ k_ 




j. 


"C"' 


Full 

Fundamental 
Furniture 


*- w > 


Have-not, 
tlazard 

He 


^ V, 


\ 


Future 
Gave-lt 




Health 
Hear 


S 1. 


-N 


Generation 


Heard 




c 


Genial 
Gentleman 


V * — 


Heart 
Heathen 


*» *» .... 


Gentlemen 


Heave'n 








( 


Height 


V. 1 




Give 
Give-it 




Held 


r 


Given 




Help 








Give-us 
Glorious 
Glqry 


' ... C-J3 C__- 


Hence 
Herafd 

Herein 


A o 


*> 








Heretofore 


^ '" 


'• 


Good 




Hesitate 


) 


Good-and-nad 
Govern 


-* -^ — 3. 


Hesitation 


"P 


Government 




He-supposed 
High 


V 


Governor 
Great-Britain 


— S> -Jf^r\ 




Greater- than 
G feat-extent 
Guilt 


y^ jl 


Higher 

Highest 
Highly/ 


u 


r 






Highway 






Guilty. 
Gypsy 


*■ / , 


Him 
His 


^ ~. 





Had- 

Had-it 

Had-not 

Hall 


....... <^ H _ 


His-is 

Historian 
History 


°.. ^Ly 


T— j— \r~ 












Hold 






Hand 
Hand-in-hand 




Holiness 
Holv 


r „...^P. 


...y/.-^ 


I Handsome. 

1 


- J ™^__y_- a:s=; . 







VOCABULARY. 



55 



Hiffte 

Honestly 

Honor 



Honorable 

Hoiie 

How 



However 
How- long 
Howsoever 



Human' 

Human-tyfe 

Human-nature 

Humor 
Hundred 1 , 
Humble • 



I-am^vilfing. 
Idea 



Lf-vou-wlsh 

■Illegible* 

Imagine 

Imaginable- 

1-may-be-tnere 

Imbecile 

Immediately 

Importance 

Important 

Impossibility 

Impossible 

tmprove-d 
Improvement 
In , 

Inaccurate 
In-as-many 
Inclination 

Income 

Incompetent 

Incomplete 

In-cohsiderav 

lion 
Indefinite, 
Independent 

In-describing 

Indicate 

Individual 



r 




<~^ <~*b *-*> 




Individuality 

Indolence 

Indulge 

Industrious '. 

Industry" 

Infinite 

Influence 

Influential 

Information 

Ingenious 
In-his-descrlpy 

tion 
In-his-estima-. 

tion 
In-his-experf- 

ence 
In-his-expres- 

sion 
In-his-life. 
In-his-secret 
n-liis-usual 
Initial 

In-order-that 

In-order-to 

In-point?oMact 

inquest 

In-regard-to 

In-reply-to 

In-response-to 

In-seeming 

Insignificance 

Insignificant 

In-some 

Instruction. 

Instructive 

In-supposing 

Intellect 

Intelligence" 

Intelligent 

Intelligible 

Intent 

Interchange 

Interfere 



Internal 
Interrogation 
In-the-first- 
place 

In-the-world 

In-tbis-city 

Intimacy 







— }>^ 



56 



VOCABULARY. 



Invention 

Investigate 

Investigatioa 

Iowa _ 

Irregular 

Irresistible 

Id 

Ia-aa 
ls-lx« 

Is-it 

Island 

ls-said 

Is-sald-to-liave 
Is-seen 

Is-such 



Issue 

It-bad 

It-bad-not 

It-is simply 

It-is-sometliing 

It-is-sufficient 

It-ought 
It-ought-not 
It-ought-to- 
have-had 

Its 

It-will 

It-will-have 

It-will have-had 

lt-will-not 

It-would 

It-would-have- 

had 
It-would-not 
January 

Jesus-Christ 

Joint-committee 

Journal 

Joyous 
Junior 
Just-as-certain 

Just-as-much-as 
Just-as-well-as 
Just-been 

Just-had 
Justice-of-the- 

Peace . 
Jun-say-^O 



n^-w 



o 

) 

p. 



I 



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s> p 



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<K <j~^'l^j 



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A. 






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Just-vliat 
KhowU-rtge 
Ladies^and- 
geutleinen 

Landlord 
Language 
Languish 

Large 
La rger~ 
Largeivthan 

Largest 

Last-mail 

La ws-of -health 

Laws-of-lile 

Lawyer 

Legible-y 

Liberty 
Liberty-of-the- 

people 
Liberty-of-the- 

1 ires s' 
Lord-Jesus- 

Christ 
Loves-us 
Luxurious 

Magazine- 

Magnanimous 

Maintain 

Majestic 
Majesty 
Majority 

Malpractice 

Man 

Manager 

Manner 

Manuscript 

Marshall 

May-as-well 
May-be J" 
May^not 

Measure 
Medium 1 
Member 

Member-of-the- 

bar ". ,„ 
Member of-the- 

Legislature 
Memorandum 

Men __ 

Merciful' 

Meroj> 



VOCABULARY. 



57 



Mere 

Messenger 

Method 

Methodical-Iy 

Million 

Minimum 

Minister-ed 
Ministerial 
Ministry 

Minority 
Mistake 
Monarch 

Monthly-report 

More 

More-or-less 

More-than 

Mortgage 

Most-important 

Most- likely 

Mostly 

Mr. 

Much 

Much-arc . 
Mnoh-qulcker- 
tiian 

Much-will 

Much-will-have 

Must-be 

Must-expect 

Must-like 

Must-make 

My instructions 

M>sclf 

Mystery' 

Natnral-ly 

Nature 

Near 

"Neglect 

Negligent 

Negotiation 

Neighborhood 

Never 

Nevertheless 



Nevcrtheless-it 
is 

New-Hamp- 
shire 

New York 



^— v ^~~^ Nev-York-City 
^9 W Next 
— /- >— Next-time 



O 




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r 



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Non-appear- 
ance 
Non-conductor 
Nor 

North 

North-America 

North-eastern 

North-west 
North-western 

Notwithstand- 
ing 

November 

Now 
Number 

Numerous- 
questions 
Nutshell 
Obedience 

Obey 

Object 
Objection 

Objective 

Obvious 

Occur 

Occurrence 

Of 

Official. 

Oh 

Ohio 

On 

8n-either-hand 
ne-of-the-most 
One-of-the-best 

One-or-two 
On-the-one- 

liajul 
On-the-other- 

hand 

Only 

Onward 
Opens 

Opinion 

OpHortuuitv 

<pr 

Organize 

Ornamental 

Or-uot 







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/** 



VOCABULARY. 



59 



Reduction 
Reference 
Reflection 

Reform 

Reformation 

Regular 

Regularity 

Regulate 

Regulation 

Relating-to-the- 

subject 
Reliable 
Reliance 

Religion 
Religious 
Rely 

Remark 

Remarkable 

Remember 

Renounce 

Represent-ed 

Representation 

Republic 
Requisite 
Respect 

Respectability 

Respectable 

Responsible 

Revelation 
Revolution 
Roll 

Romantic 

Rule 

Sald-to-have 

Salvation 

Satisfaction 

Satisfactory 

Satisfactory- 
manner 

Satisfactory- 
proof 

Satisfy-fied 

Savior 
Scorn 
Scripture 

Season 
Secure 
Self-eeteera 




</ / </ 







Selfish 
Senior 
Sensation, 



Sentence 

Sentiment 

Set-forth 

Set-off 

Seven-or-elght 

Several 

Shall 
Hha.lt 

Shelf 

Short-hand 

Should 

Signiiicance 

Significant 

Signification 

Similar 

Similarity 

Simple 

Simply 

Singular 

Slx-or-seven 

Slander 

Some-one 
Something 
Sometime 



Somewhat 
South America 
South-eastern 

Speak 

Special 

Specially 

Specialty 

Speech 

Spirit 

Spiritual 

Spoke 

Spoken 

Square 
Squirrel 

Stability 

Statesman 

Stenographer 

Stenographic 



.i£.„„!z 

^= r 

uJLl. 



VOCABULARY. 



Stenography 
Stenographic- 
society 
Stumble 

Subject 

Subjective 

Subsequent 

Such-are 

Such-are-not 

Such-a-one 

Such have 
Such-have-had 
Such-ought-to- 
have 

Such-ought-to- 

hv-hd ' 
Suoh-were 
Such-were-not 

Such-will 

Such-would ' 
Sufficient 

Suggestion 

Suppress 

Supremacy 

Surprise 

Suspension 
Systematic 

Takes-us 

Tavern 

Tedious 

Telegram 

Tell 

Tell-lt 

Tell-us 

Temperament 

Temperance 

Temperate 

Temporal 

Tendency 

Termination 

Territory 

Testament 

Testimony 

Thank 

That 

That-lB-to-say 
The 



There 
Therefore 
There-would* 
not 




Undergone 

Uniform 

Union 

Unite 

United-Statei 

Unity 



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v .-V 



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VOCABULARY. 


61' 


Universal 
Universe 
University 




When-it 

Whensoever 

Where 


~ ^-</ 


U 1 


Wheresoever 


*v^ 


Uupractlced 
Unquestionable 


Q.P 0\v^-^ 


Wherewith 
Whether 


•X. ^^ 


Uascriptural 
Unseasonable 
Unselfish 


^5 -j 

\ 


Which 

Which-are 

Whlch-are-not 

Whic!i-are-to- 


/ / ' 


Until 
Until-it 


-r— r- > 


have 
Whichever 


, A.. A 


Upon-bis 


Whlch-had-not 




Whlch-havc- 


Upon-lt 
Upward 
Ua 


* V _„.y„ 


had 
Whlch-ought- 
to-have 




Whlch-ought- 




Use (noun) 


•••>•-)"- ; 


not 




Use (verb) 


Whlch-not 


<-T-^- 


Usually 


Which- were-not 




Whicb-will-not 


Vacancy 
Value 


<^_o 


Which-would- 


<r r 


Very 


have-had 
While 


...... 


Very-well 

Virtue 

Washington 


'v- «%-z 


Whilst 

White 
Who 


1 , , 


Watch 


. /^ ? 


Whoever 




Water 
We 


Who-have 
WHiole 


e~i=~^ 


We-always-like- 


\ 


Wholesale-store 


to-have 
We-are 
We-are-not 


Q-^f 


Wholly 
Whom 
Whosoever 


-S~-~( 


Welcome 

We-may 

We-may-be 


C <TV c-s 


Why-not 

Will 

Willingly 


l.r rr 


We-may-be- 




Will-not 


C -v 


able- to 
We-musfbe 
Were 


tr^ cr^ c 


Wilt 
Wisconsin 




Western 

West-Virginia 

We-wlll 


V \Jl 


Wisdom 

With 

Withdraw 


W c L 


We-wlll-not 

What 
Whatever 


3 t 


Wlth-hlin 
Within 

Wlthin-a-week- 
or-two 


~±h* 


When 

Whence 

Whenever 


S~s <^J> Oy^ 


WItli-me 
With-my 
Without 


s 





-.. r 




■Worker 

World 

Would 

Ye 

Year-s 
Yearly 

Yesterday 

Yet 

You 



Against 
JCfficacy 
Perfect 

Mystery 

Manufacture 

Manufactory 

Right-hand 

Signify 

Yours-very-truly 



APPENDIX. 



\ 



^ 



^ 
^ 



63 



LESSON COUPON. 

DETACH AND ENCLOSE IN YOUR LETTER. 



G-OOID FOB 

ONE LESSON BY MAIL, 



GIVEN BY 



Prof. ELDON MORAN, 

Principal COLLEGE OF CORRESPONDENCE, 
ST. LOUIS, - MOi 



LESSON COUPON. 



DETACH AND ENCLOSE IN YOUR LETTER. 



C3-OOX3 IFOIR, 

ONE LESSON BY MAIL, 



GIVEN BY 



Prof. ELDON MORAN, 

Principal COLLEGE OF CORRESPONDENCE, 
ST. LOUIS, - - MO. 



64 



IMPORTANT STATEMENT. 



The St. Louis, Mo., College of Correspondence is giving 
short-hand lessons by mail to more lhan four thousand 
students.' More than one-thousand of its graduates, who 
learned entirely by mail, are now holding lucrative 
situations. 



Letter Prom a Practical Stenographer. 
I learned entirely by mail, and served for one year as 
official court stenographer for the 15th District of Kansas. 
My speed is 190 words. I am perfectly familiar with the 
Moran copyrighted method of teaching by mail. A per- 
son who has not tried has no idea how clear and practical 
these lessons are. I will give further facts to any one 
who will write me personally. Address, 906 Bayard Ave., 
St. Louis, Mo. 

Harry E. DeGrofp. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 4 

027 275 503 6 





